Harga kenderaan dijangka akan menurun sebanyak 2-3% peratus sekiranya Cukai Barangan dan Perkhidmatan (GST) diperkenalkan semula pada kadar 6%. Boleh percaya ke?

Kementerian Kewangan sebelum ini mengumumkan sedang mengkaji untuk memperluaskan asas pendapatan negara termasuk melaksanakan semula GST serta menilai semula pakej insentif cukai untuk mengukuhkannya dan menjadikannya lebih bersasar serta strategik. Kementerian itu juga akan melakukan beberapa pembaharuan fiskal yang besar untuk mengukuhkan kapasiti pendapatan negara apabila berlaku pandemik dan menyebabkan krisis.

Jika cukai GST dihidupkan kembali bagi menggantikan Cukai Jualan dan Perkhidmatan (SST) seperti yang berlaku pada tahun 2015, harga kenderaan secara keseluruhannya dijangka akan turun. Perkara ini turut disokong oleh Penganalisis RHB Investment Bank Bhd, Eddy Do Wey Qing yang berkata cukai GST sebanyak 6% pada 2015 telah menyebabkan sebahagian besar harga model kenderaan di pasaran tempatan susut 1% hingga 3%.

autos, cars, reviews, automotif, cukai barangan dan perkhidmatan, gst, harga kereta lagi murah, insights, sst, pelaksanaan semula gst boleh turunkan harga kereta – boleh percaya ke?

Ini disebabkan oleh kaedah pengiraan kerana GST merujuk kepada cukai nilai tambah di mana cukai dibayar pada setiap peringkat transaksi perniagaan, manakala SST dibayar sekali saja oleh pengilang atau pengimport. Jumlah cukai yang dibayar sebenarnya lebih rendah kerana mekanisme tuntutan cukai input di bawah regim GST. Pada dasarnya, kuantum GST akhir ditanggung oleh pengguna berbanding SST yang dibayar oleh pengimport/pengilang.

Jadi benarkah pelaksanaan GST ini benar-benar mampu menurunkan harga jualan kenderaan? Memandangkan cukai GST pernah dilaksanakan pada tahun 2015, jom kita lihat perbezaan harga beberapa kenderaan pada ketika itu selepas kali pertama GST diperkenalkan.

  • Sime Darby Auto Connexion, pengedar kenderaan Ford, telah menurunkan harga Ford Ranger 3.2 XLT 4×4 Automatic kepada RM110,504.80 daripada RM110,506.45 sebelum ini, manakala S-Max 2.0 dikurangkan kepada RM198,833.41 berbanding RM198,933.90 sebelum GST.
  • Harga kereta Mercedes-Benz dijual di Malaysia turun sebanyak RM10,000 berbanding sebelum GST. Sebagai contoh, harga Mercedes-Benz E300 Blue TEC Hybrid turun 2.87% kepada RM338,888 daripada RM348,888 (tanpa insurans).
  • Proton Holdings Bhd mengumumkan harga baharu model terpilih kenderaannya yang dikurangkan sehingga RM1,475 atau 3.25% seunit berikutan pelaksanaan GST.

autos, cars, reviews, automotif, cukai barangan dan perkhidmatan, gst, harga kereta lagi murah, insights, sst, pelaksanaan semula gst boleh turunkan harga kereta – boleh percaya ke?

Tidak dinafikan, pelaksanaan GST mencatatkan penurunan harga penjualan kereta pada 2015. Tetapi pada tahun 2018, selepas GST dimansuhkan untuk digantikan dengan SST semula, sekurang-kurangnya 5 jenama kenderaan menurunkan harga antara RM2,000 hingga RM3,000 selepas pelaksanaan Cukai Jualan dan Perkhidmatan (SST). 5 jenama kenderaan itu termasuklah model Perodua, Honda, Toyota, BMW dan Volkswagen.

  • Harga sebuah Perodua Axia harga yang dikenakan selepas pelaksanaan SST adalah RM40,390 berbanding RM41,497 iaitu penurunan sebanyak RM1,107 semasa dikenakan cukai GST
  • Bagi kereta Myvi 1.5 harga kini adalah RM54,090 berbanding RM55,300
  • Honda Jazz 1.5 berharga RM83,633 (sebelumnya RM85,750)
  • Toyota Vios RM93,200 berbanding dahulu RM93,980
  • Volkswagen Polo hanya RM74,900 berbanding harga semasa dikenakan GST iaitu RM76,888

Sewaktu pengenalan semula SST pada 2018, ramai yang menyangka bahawa harga kenderaan akan naik mendadak. Tetapi ramalan tersebut meleset apabila perbandingan harga semasa GST dilaksanakan dan SST dilaksanakan menunjukkan harga kereta selepas SST dilaksanakan lebih rendah.

autos, cars, reviews, automotif, cukai barangan dan perkhidmatan, gst, harga kereta lagi murah, insights, sst, pelaksanaan semula gst boleh turunkan harga kereta – boleh percaya ke?

Sebagai rakyat biasa, pasti ramai yang keliru mana satu kaedah yang paling menguntungkan buat pembeli. Berdasarkan sejarah, penggunaan GST memang berpotensi untuk menurunkan harga kereta. Tetapi berdasarkan sejarah juga, SST juga mampu menurunkan harga kereta. Jadi mana satu yang lebih baik?

Pelaksanaan SST pada 2018 telah menurunkan harga kereta kerana menurut Menteri Kewangan ketika itu, Lim Guan Eng berkata kerajaan tidak mengutip begitu banyak melalui SST berbanding GST. Kesimpulannya, kenaikan atau penurunan harga kereta akan bergantung kepada kadar GST yang bakal dikenakan berbanding kadar SST semasa.

autos, cars, reviews, automotif, cukai barangan dan perkhidmatan, gst, harga kereta lagi murah, insights, sst, pelaksanaan semula gst boleh turunkan harga kereta – boleh percaya ke?

SST merupakan sistem cukai lama yang pernah dilaksanakan oleh kerajaan Malaysia sebelum GST dilaksanakan. Namun pelaksanaan GST mengalami kegagalan apabila mekanismenya tidak mencapai matlamat meskipun cukai ini digunakan di kebanyakan negara.

Meskipun GST boleh dilaksanakan semula kerana berkesan untuk meningkatkan hasil kerajaan dan menjadi penyelesaian kepada ekonomi gelap, namun ia tidak perlu dilakukan secara tergesa-gesa. Kerajaan perlu perbaiki mekanisme, pemantauan dan pelaksanaan terlebih dahulu.

GST merupakan sistem pungutan cukai yang lebih baik, efektif dan adil terhadap hasil pendapatan negara. Tetapi, pelaksanaannya perlu lebih teratur supaya tidak terlalu membebankan pengeluar atau pengguna. Untuk pengetahuan anda, pengutipan cukai tahunan purata negara berada kira-kira RM40 bilion ketika sistem GST dijalankan berbanding dengan kutipan tahunan sebanyak RM25 bilion ketika SST.

autos, cars, reviews, automotif, cukai barangan dan perkhidmatan, gst, harga kereta lagi murah, insights, sst, pelaksanaan semula gst boleh turunkan harga kereta – boleh percaya ke?

Walaupun potensi penurunan harga kereta selepas GST ialah satu faktor positif, namun pakar ekonomi percaya bahawa perubahan itu tidak begitu ketara bagi pengguna kerana kuantum penjimatan cukai yang dialihkan kepada pengguna juga akan dipengaruhi oleh kadar tukaran asing (FX) semasa. Jika harga barangan dan perkhidmatan lain meningkat selepas GST, pengguna yang ingin membuat pembelian barangan mahal mungkin berubah fikiran dalam jangka pendek.

Sementara itu, Ketua Pegawai Eksekutif Proton Edar, Roslan Abdullah berkata terdapat banyak aspek yang perlu diambil kira, termasuk senarai barang atau komponen yang tidak akan dikenakan cukai serta insentif bagi syarikat yang melakukan aktiviti penyelidikan dan pembangunan (R&D serta pengilangan di pasaran domestik) sebelum pelaksanaan GST dilakukan.

Tetapi jika penukaran sistem percukaian SST kepada GST dapat memastikan industri automotif lebih kompetitif dan memberi kelebihan kepada pembeli, apa salahnya kan? Malah perkara ini turut disokong oleh pengeluar kereta tempatan yang mahu merancakkan semula industri automotif yang sudah lama sendu. 

Keyword: Pelaksanaan Semula GST Boleh Turunkan Harga Kereta – Boleh Percaya Ke?

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