This strategic agreement renews the partnership since their initial 2018 collaboration. On February 25, during the visit of German Chancellor Friedrich Merz to China, NIO and Bosch officially signed a strategic cooperation agreement. The collaboration will cover NIO’s three brands—NIO, ONVO, and firefly—focusing on deep cooperation in core technologies related to smart electric vehicles. The partnership will span key areas such as by-wire chassis and battery management technologies, including braking control, steering systems, drive systems, as well as body electronics and perception modules. In July 2018, NIO and Bosch signed a strategic partnership in Berlin. This newly signed strategic agreement marks the renewed partnership between NIO and Bosch since their initial collaboration in 2018. As early as 2018, NIO had already established a cooperative relationship with Bosch in areas such as intelligent chassis systems and safety. At that time, NIO’s first mass-produced model, the ES8, was equipped with approximately 20 of Bosch’s core components, including driver assistance systems, control units, radar sensors, and the iBooster electro-hydraulic braking system. Compared to their initial cooperation, the scope of this strategic partnership has significantly expanded. As a core execution component for achieving high-level autonomous driving, the electronization and redundant safety design of the braking and steering systems within the by-wire chassis are directly critical to the quality of autonomous driving implementation. Meanwhile, battery management technology continues to influence the range and safety performance of electric vehicles.